Diversity of Biting Midges Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Pacoti Municipality, Baturité Highland, Ceará State, Northeast of Brazil

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Farias, Emanuelle de Sousa; Souza, Carlos Rafael Lima; Costa, Rute Cristina Marques; Carvalho-Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia; Santana, Eddie William de Pinho; Oliveira, Leonia da Conceição; Ríos-Velásquez, Claudia María; Pessoa, Felipe, 2024, "Diversity of Biting Midges Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Pacoti Municipality, Baturité Highland, Ceará State, Northeast of Brazil", https://doi.org/10.48331/scielodata.8MUGMH, SciELO Data, V1, UNF:6:STG8I6ygay5GTURRk3g2fQ== [fileUNF]

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Description	Culicoides is a small dipteran genus of Ceratopogonidae Family with worldwide distribution. Due to their hematophagous habits, species within this genus are a biting nuisance to humans and cause acute allergic dermatitis in horses. They also transmit protozoa, filarial worms, and several arboviruses, affecting birds, humans, and other animals. The Northeastern region of Brazil is characterized by a semi-arid climate and few bodies of water, which does not favor breeding sites for ceratopogonids. In addition to the climatic factor, studies on Biting Midges Culicoides are scarce in this geographic region. In the Northeast region of Brazil, to date, 37 species of Culicoides have been recorded, of which 12 have been specifically identified within the state of Ceará. The municipality of Pacoti, located in Serra de Baturité, in Ceará, is one of these areas of endemism and an important area for agricultural production and ecotourism; also, Pacoti is located in an environmental protection area. Due to the medical and veterinary importance of these biting midges, a survey was conducted in Pacoti. For capture, CDC-type light traps were used near peridomicilary areas and forests of rural areas, where collections were carried out from March 2015 and August 2022. Of the 17 species found, 12 are new records for the municipality of Pacoti, nine are new records for the state of Ceará, and four are recorded for the first time for the northeast region. Of the registered incriminated vectors, we have C. paraensis, C. insignis, and C. pusillus. The knowledge of biodiversity and geographic distribution update of Culicoides may contribute to prevention and control measures for vector-borne diseases in Ceará. (2024-05-22)
Subject	Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
Keyword	Culicomorpha, hematophagous, northeast, vectors, anthropophilic behavior
Related Publication	FARIAS, E.S., SOUZA, C.R.L., COSTA, R.C.M.., CARVALHO-FERNANDES, S.P., SANTANA, E.W.P., OLIVEIRA, L.C., RÍOS-VELÁSQUEZ, C.M., PESSOA, F.A.C. 2024. Diversity of Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Pacoti Municipality, Baturité Highland, Ceará State, Northeast of Brazil. Biota Neotropica https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-BN-2024-1668 doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-BN-2024-1668
License/Data Use Agreement	CC BY 4.0

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	Pasta1.tab Tabular Data - 1.1 KB Published Oct 7, 2024 9 Downloads 7 Variables, 19 Observations UNF:6:STG8I6ygay5GTURRk3g2fQ== List of species and abundance of Culicoides collected in Pacoti municipality, Ceará State of Brazil	Preview "Pasta1.tab" Access File File Access Public Download Options MS Excel Spreadsheet (Original File Format) Tab-Delimited RData Download Metadata Variable Metadata Data File Citation EndNote XML RIS BibTeX

Citation Metadata

Persistent Identifier	doi:10.48331/scielodata.8MUGMH
Publication Date	2024-10-07
Title	Diversity of Biting Midges Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Pacoti Municipality, Baturité Highland, Ceará State, Northeast of Brazil
Author	Farias, Emanuelle de Sousa (Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane FIOCRUZ AMAZÔNIA) - ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-5949-877X Souza, Carlos Rafael Lima (Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane FIOCRUZ AMAZÔNIA) - ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0009-2560-6969 Costa, Rute Cristina Marques (Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane FIOCRUZ AMAZÔNIA) - ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0000-2372-2143 Carvalho-Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia (Museu de História Natural do Ceará Prof. Dias da Rocha, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Departamento de Entomologia) - ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0754-6594 Santana, Eddie William de Pinho (Universidade Estadual do Ceará – UECE, Centro de Ciências da Saúde – CCS, Laboratório de Entomologia em Saúde Pública – LABESC) - ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0007-5279-4235 Oliveira, Leonia da Conceição (Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará – UFOPA. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociedade, Natureza e Desenvolvimento.) - ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0000-1912-5928 Ríos-Velásquez, Claudia María (Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane FIOCRUZ AMAZÔNIA) - ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-2684-2981 Pessoa, Felipe (Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane FIOCRUZ AMAZÔNIA) - ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-6318-1887
Point of Contact	Use email button above to contact. Pessoa, Felipe (Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane FIOCRUZ AMAZÔNIA)
Description	Culicoides is a small dipteran genus of Ceratopogonidae Family with worldwide distribution. Due to their hematophagous habits, species within this genus are a biting nuisance to humans and cause acute allergic dermatitis in horses. They also transmit protozoa, filarial worms, and several arboviruses, affecting birds, humans, and other animals. The Northeastern region of Brazil is characterized by a semi-arid climate and few bodies of water, which does not favor breeding sites for ceratopogonids. In addition to the climatic factor, studies on Biting Midges Culicoides are scarce in this geographic region. In the Northeast region of Brazil, to date, 37 species of Culicoides have been recorded, of which 12 have been specifically identified within the state of Ceará. The municipality of Pacoti, located in Serra de Baturité, in Ceará, is one of these areas of endemism and an important area for agricultural production and ecotourism; also, Pacoti is located in an environmental protection area. Due to the medical and veterinary importance of these biting midges, a survey was conducted in Pacoti. For capture, CDC-type light traps were used near peridomicilary areas and forests of rural areas, where collections were carried out from March 2015 and August 2022. Of the 17 species found, 12 are new records for the municipality of Pacoti, nine are new records for the state of Ceará, and four are recorded for the first time for the northeast region. Of the registered incriminated vectors, we have C. paraensis, C. insignis, and C. pusillus. The knowledge of biodiversity and geographic distribution update of Culicoides may contribute to prevention and control measures for vector-borne diseases in Ceará. (2024-05-22)
Subject	Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
Keyword	Culicomorpha, hematophagous, northeast, vectors, anthropophilic behavior
Related Publication	FARIAS, E.S., SOUZA, C.R.L., COSTA, R.C.M.., CARVALHO-FERNANDES, S.P., SANTANA, E.W.P., OLIVEIRA, L.C., RÍOS-VELÁSQUEZ, C.M., PESSOA, F.A.C. 2024. Diversity of Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Pacoti Municipality, Baturité Highland, Ceará State, Northeast of Brazil. Biota Neotropica https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-BN-2024-1668 doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-BN-2024-1668 https://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/BN
Depositor	Pessoa, Felipe
Deposit Date	2024-05-23
Date of Collection	Start Date: 2015-03-01 ; End Date: 2022-08-21

Ecological Metadata (EML)

Geographic Coverage	The Culicoides were collected in Jordao farm 4°13'02"S 38°57'10"W 823 m, Museum station 4°13'35"S 38°55'19"W 742 m, Pacoti municipality, Baturité Highland, Ceará State, Northeast of Brazil (Figure1), 95 km from Fortaleza, the capital of Ceará, Brazil, covering an area of 108.55 km², and 56.20% of its area being included in the Environmental Protection Area of Baturité (IBGE, 2007). The municipal headquarters is located at the bottom of the valley, and it is characterized by intensive land use according to the layout of the relief. Its growth is accompanied by the expansion of occupation on steep slopes and the banks of the Pacoti River and tributary streams. The vegetation is characterized by humid forest enclaves in the semi-arid region that functioned as ecological refuges for flora and fauna, providing natural shelter for several endangered species and new species not yet described (Andrade-Lima, 1982). They are characterized by having plants with Amazon, Atlantic, and Caatinga distribution (Santos et al. 2007).
Temporal Coverage	2015-03-01 2022-08-21
Taxonomic Coverage	A total of 527 Culicoides specimens were screened, 467 females (88.61%) and 60 males (11.39%) distributed into 17 species (Table 1): one for the subgenus Avaritia Fox, 1955 (C. pusillus); one for the subgenus Diphaomyia Vargas, 1960 (C. freitasi); one for the subgenus Drymodesmyia Vargas, 1960 (C. poikilonotus); six species for the subgenus Haematomyidium Goeldi, 1905 (C. crucifer, C. darlingtonae, C. debilipalpis, C. martyrius, C. paraensis e C. peruvianus); three for the subgenus Hoffmania Fox, 1948 (C. diabolicus, C. insignis e C. lutzi); one for the unplaced fluvialis, species group (C. leopoldoi); one for the subgenus unplaced, leoni species group (C. gabaldoni); one for the Subgenus unplaced, limai species group (C. limai); one for the subgenus unplaced, reticulatus species group (C. pifanoi); and an unidentified male C. sp1.
Taxonomic Classification	Species Maruim, Biting Midges CLASTRIER, J.1968. Deux Ceratopogonides nouveaux de la Guyane Francaise. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de la Guyane Francaise et de L'Inini 21:85-92. Species Maruim, Biting Midges WIRTH, W.W. & BLANTON, F.S. 1971. New Neotropical sandflies of the Culicoides debilipalpis group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 73:34-43. Species Maruim, Biting Midges LUTZ, A. 1913. Contribuição para o estudo das ceratopogoninas hematófagas do Brasil. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 5(1): 45-72. Species Maruim, Biting Midges HOFFMAN, W.A. 1925. A review of the species of Culicoides of North and Central America and the West Indies. American Journal of Hygiene 5:274-301. Species Maruim, Biting Midges WIRTH, W.W. & BLANTON, F.S. 1973. A review of the maruins or biting midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the Amazon Basin. Amazoniana 4(4):405-470. Species Maruim, Biting Midges ORTÍZ, I. 1954. Sobre dos nuevos dipteros hematofagos del genero Culicoides (Nematocera, Ceratopogonidae). Archivos Venezolanos de Patologia Tropical y Parasitologia Médica 2:221- 226. Species Maruim, Biting Midges LUTZ, A. 1913. Contribuição para o estudo das ceratopogoninas hematófagas do Brasil. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 5(1): 45-72. Species Maruim, Biting Midges ORTIZ, I. 1951. Estudios en Culicoides (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Sobre los caracteres diferenciales entre Culicoides paraensis (Goeldi, 1905), C. stellifer (Coquillett, 1901), y C. lanei (Ortiz, 1950). Descipcion de cuatro nuevas especies con la redescripcion de algunas otras poco conocidas. Revista de Sanidad y Asistencia Social 16:573–591. Species Maruim, Biting Midges BARRETTO, M.P. 1944. Sobre o género Culicoides Latreille, 1809, com a descricao de trés novas espécies (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Annais da Faculdade de Medicina (da Universidade) de São Paulo 20:89-105. Species Maruim, Biting Midges COSTA LIMA, A. 1937. Chave das espécies de Culicoides da região neotropical (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 32:411-422. [viewed 2 January, 2024]. Available from:https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761937000300003 Species Maruim, Biting Midges TRINDADE, R.L. & FELIPPE-BAUER, M.L. 2011. Two new biting midges from Para, Brazil (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 106:61-64. Species Maruim, Biting Midges GOELDI, E. 1905. Os mosquitos no Para. Reuniao de quatro trabalhos sobre os mosquitos indigenas, principalmente as especies que molestam o homem. Memorias do Museu Goeldi (Museu Paraense) de Historia Naturale e Ethnographie 4:1–54 Species Maruim, Biting Midges FELIPPE-BAUER, M.L., CÁCERES, A.G., SILVA, C.S., VALDERRAMA-BAZAN, W. & GONZALES-PEREZ, A. 2003. Two new Culicoides of the paraensis species group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Amazonian region of Peru. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 98:1051-1058. [viewed 2 January, 2024]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762003000800014 Species Maruim, Biting Midges ORTIZ, I. 1951. Estudios en Culicoides (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Sobre los caracteres diferenciales entre Culicoides paraensis (Goeldi, 1905), C. stellifer (Coquillett, 1901), y C. lanei (Ortiz, 1950). Descipcion de cuatro nuevas especies con la redescripcion de algunas otras poco conocidas. Revista de Sanidad y Asistencia Social 16:573–591. Species Maruim, Biting Midges MACFIE, J.W.S. 1948. Some species of Culicoides (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) from the state of Chiapas, Mexico. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 42:67-87. Species Maruim, Biting Midges LUTZ, A. 1913. Contribuição para o estudo das ceratopogoninas hematófagas do Brasil. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 5(1): 45-72. Species sp. Maruim, Biting Midges BORKENT, A. & SPINELLI, G.R. 2007. Neotropical Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Insecta). In: ADIS, J., ARIAS, J.R., RUEDA-DELGADO, G. & WANTZEN, K.M. Aquatic biodiversity in Latin America (ABLA). Moscow: Pensoft Publishers 198 pp.
Methods	The were collected in Jordao farm 4°13'02"S 38°57'10"W 823 m, Museum station 4°13'35"S 38°55'19"W 742 m, Pacoti municipality, Baturité Highland, Ceará State, Northeast of Brazil, 95 km from Fortaleza, the capital of Ceará, Brazil, covering an area of 108.55 km², and 56.20% of its area being included in the Environmental Protection Area of Baturité. The municipal headquarters is located at the bottom of the valley, and it is characterized by intensive land use according to the layout of the relief. Its growth is accompanied by the expansion of occupation on steep slopes and the banks of the Pacoti River and tributary streams. The vegetation is characterized by humid forest enclaves in the semi-arid region that functioned as ecological refuges for flora and fauna, providing natural shelter for several endangered species and new species not yet described. They are characterized by having plants with Amazon, Atlantic, and Caatinga distribution. To capture samples, CDC-type light traps were used near peridomicilary areas and forests of rural areas, where collections were carried out from March 2015 and August 2022. Farias E, Pessoa F, Almeida J. 2016. List of Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the state of Amazonas, Brazil, including new records. Check List 12(6): 2002. https://doi.org/10.15560/12.6.2002; Farias, E.S., Almeida, J.F., Pereira-Silva, J.W., Coelho, L.S., Ríos-Velásquez, C. M., Luz, S. L. B., & Pessoa, F. A. C.. (2020). Diversity of biting midges Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), potential vectors of disease, in different environments in an Amazonian rural settlement, Brazil. Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical, 53, e20200067. https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0067-2020

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